Solar Hybrid System
Hybrid Solar Systems combines the best from grid-tied and off-grid solar systems. These systems can either be described as off-grid solar with utility backup power, or grid-tied solar with extra battery storage. This type system is grid tied but has batteries which provide emergency power. This is more expensive than grid-tied obviously because of the need to have not only the batteries but equipment to charge the batteries, regulate them, provide over current protection and disconnecting means, an enclosure, more wiring, an emergency panel, transferring emergency circuits from the existing panel to the emergency panel, and possibly an additional transfer switch. So if this significant expense is worth it to you, keeping in mind the batteries will have to be replaced in 5 to 10 years, then this may be a viable option for you. These systems will be a little less efficient than grid tied systems because the chemical reaction that charges the batteries takes energy. Additionally energy is lost in the chemical conversion from the battery to the inverter when the batteries are drawn upon to provide electricity.
Equipment for Hybrid Solar Systems
Typical hybrid solar systems are based on the following additional components:
- Charge Controller
- Battery Bank
- Battery-Based Grid-Tie Inverter
- Power Meter
Charge Controller
Solar charge controllers are also known as charge regulators or just battery regulators. The last term is probably the best to describe what this device actually does: Solar battery chargers limit the rate of current being delivered to the battery bank and protect the batteries from overcharging. Good charge controllers are crucial for keeping the batteries healthy, which ensures the lifetime of a battery bank is maximized. If you have a battery-based inverter, chances are that the charge controller is integrated. Battery Bank Without a battery bank (or a generator) it’ll be lights out by sunset. A battery bank is essentially a group of batteries wired together. |
Battery-Based Grid-Tie Inverter
Hybrid solar systems utilize batter-based grid-tie inverters. These devices combine can draw electrical power to and from battery banks, as well as synchronize with the utility grid. Power Meter Most homeowners will need to replace their current power meter with one that is compatible with net metering. This device, often called a net meter or a two-way meter, is capable of measuring power going in both directions, from the grid to your house and vice versa. |
Advantages of Hybrid Solar Systems
- Less expensive than off-gird solar systems
- Smart solar holds a lot of promise